What is mould?

Moulds are microscopic organisms found virtually everywhere, indoors, and outdoors. Mould spores are tiny, lightweight, and easily detached by airflow, vacuuming, walking on a carpet or sitting on a couch. In indoor environments, they grow in air-conditioning ducts, carpets, pots of household plants, etc.

They produce and release millions of spores, which are small enough to stay airborne threatening to invade the human respiratory system. Mould growths can often be seen in the form of discoloration, ranging from white to orange and from green to brown and black. In large quantities, molds can cause allergic symptoms similar to those caused by plant pollen. In order for muold to grow, it needs food sources (such as leaves, wood, paper, or dirt), a source of moisture, and a place to grow.

Different types of mould

Allergenic moulds are normally not dangerous in low amounts, but they can cause allergenic or asthmatic symptoms such as wheezing or runny nose. These moulds can be abated safely with the assistance of gloves and a disposable particulate-removing respirator.

Mycotoxic moulds can cause serious health effects in humans and animals. Health effects range from short-term irritation to immunosuppression to cancer and even death. If any toxic molds are identified, it is suggested that you seek advice from an Industrial Hygienist or other mould professional for guidance. The average homeowner should NOT attempt the abatement of these types of mould.

Pathogenic moulds can cause serious health effects in persons with suppressed immune systems, those taking chemotherapy, those with HIV/AIDS, or autoimmunity disorders. If any pathogenic molds are identified, it is suggested you seed the advice of an Industrial Hygienist or other mould professional for guidance. The average homeowner should NOT attempt the abatement of these types of mould.

Hyphae & Hyphal elements refer to single, unidentifiable fragments of mold. Although they may not be traceable to a specific mould species, the fragments themselves may be responsible for allergic reactions in some people and may indicate previous or current growth event. Smut spores are agricultural spores from outside sources. Ascospores and basidiospores are clusters of spores that may not be easily identified as per specific species, but may still represent a mold problem in the home.